Keterlambatan Perkembangan Motorik Anak Usia Dini Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Tumbuh Kembang Anak

Abstract

This study is based on the problem of fine motor delay in early childhood which can have an impact on children's academic ability, independence, and social adaptation. This article discusses various factors that contribute to fine motor delay, including biological, environmental, psychological, nutritional, socio-cultural, and genetic factors. Using descriptive qualitative methodology, the researcher examined the academic impact caused by the development of fine motor skills in early childhood. Research found that there are 2 causative factors, namely first, biological factors such as premature birth, low birth weight, and neurological disorders are known to affect the maturity of the nervous system and the coordination of children's movements. On the other hand, lack of stimulation, overprotective parenting, and lack of play facilities are triggers for delays from environmental aspects. Second, psychological factors, including low self-confidence, impaired concentration, and low motivation, also slow down the development of finger skills. Malnutrition and irregular diets also have a significant impact on brain function and muscle strength. In addition, socio-cultural conditions that limit children from exploring or excessive exposure to gadgets can reduce direct motor experiences. Some children also show delays due to congenital or genetic factors. By understanding these various factors, appropriate stimulation interventions can be provided to support optimal fine motor development.