THE MODERATE AND MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION IN THE SYNTHESIS OF IMAM AL-GHAZALI THOUGHT: A PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF GEORGE R. KNIGHT

Abstract

This study discusses the synthesis between the concept of moderate and multicultural education according to Imam Al-Ghazali in his work Jawad Ridlo with the perspective of George R. Knight's philosophy of education, especially in the idealistic approach. Imam Al-Ghazali emphasized the importance of education that aims to achieve kamil people, namely perfect human beings in spiritual, moral, and intellectual aspects, which ultimately leads people to ma'rifatullah (knowledge of God). Meanwhile, George R. Knight through his idealistic approach focuses on developing the intellectual and moral potential of individuals, to achieve the ideal of truth, beauty, and goodness. This article attempts to synthesize both views, showing that although they come from different traditions, both Ghazali and Knight have complementary views. Both underlined the importance of education as a means to develop human potential as a whole, both in spiritual aspects (Ghazali) and intellectually and morally (Knight). This synthesis offers a holistic view of education that integrates spiritual, moral, and intellectual development in the concept of moderate and multicultural education development as a path to human perfection.